Sudan and South Sudan - Security Council, 10149th meeting

The 10,149th meeting of the Security Council is called to order.
I should like to take this opportunity to pay tribute on behalf of the Council to His Excellency, Mr.
Jamal Farez, our Permanent Representative of Bahrain, for his service as president of the Council for the month of April.
I'm sure I speak for all members of the Council in expressing deep appreciation to Ambassador ROI and his team for the great diplomatic skill with which they conducted the Council's business last month.
The provisional agenda for this meeting is.
Reports of the Secretary General on the Sudan and South Sudan.
The agenda is adopted.
Under.
In accordance with rule 37 of the councils Provisional Rules of Procedure.
I invite the representatives of South Sudan and the Sudan to participate in this meeting.
It is so decided.
In accordance with rule 39 of the councils Provisional Rules of Procedure, I invite the following prefers to participate in this meeting.
Miss Martha AMA Aki Pobee, Assistant Secretary General, Departments of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs and Peace Operations and Mr.
Guangzong, Special Envoy and Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Horn of Africa.
It is so decided.
The Security Council will now begin its consideration of item two of the agenda.
I now give the floor to Miss Pobee.
Mr.
president, distinguished members of the Security Council thank you for the opportunity to brief the Security Council on the situation in the Abyei area and on the activities of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei from 2nd October 2025 to date.
Mr.
president, the political environment in Abyei remained constrained by the conflict in the Sudan and instability in South Sudan.
This situation limited progress by the two countries towards resolving their disputes over the management of the Abyei territory and its final status.
Both governments have reaffirmed their commitment to Abiy's demilitarised status and the revival of bilateral mechanisms, including the joint Political and Security Mechanism and the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee.
They did not, however, meet during the reporting period.
Nonetheless, in a letter dated 2nd April, the government of South Sudan informed the United Nations of steps taken to advance the benchmarks set out in resolution 2802, including a request for UN support to convene the joint political and security mechanism at the earliest opportunity.
Both governments have now also informed the UN of the focal points for this endeavour, which allows us to take the next steps towards supporting the parties in organising the next GSM meeting.
This would be the first time that the governments of South Sudan and Sudan come together formally to discuss joint border related matters in several years.
Unesco leadership, as well as the Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, continue to engage the African Union Commission and regional stakeholders, encouraging sustained attention to Abyei and exploring pathways to revive facilitation efforts when conditions permit.
Special envoy Guan Song will provide a further update on the political process and related regional developments concerning Abyei.
Mr.
president, in Abyei, the security environment deteriorated over the past six months, mostly due to criminality, weapons proliferation and the presence of unauthorised armed actors, which have combined to create a complex and volatile threat environment.
Unesco recorded 196 security incidents with 58 fatalities and 69 injuries, marking a significant increase from the previous reporting period and somewhat of an increase if compared to the corresponding dry season last year.
Thankfully, while inter-communal crime remains a challenge, it did not increase in comparison to last year's dry season in sector South South Sudan, People's Defense Forces and National Police Service personnel continue to maintain an unauthorised presence, including through checkpoints and the occupation of civilian infrastructures.
Some were equipped with heavy weapons, which is inconsistent with the official commitment of the government of South Sudan to maintain Abiy's demilitarised status.
Following repeated engagements by Unesco, the South Sudan government agreed to withdraw its troops from the Abyei area, though this has yet to occur.
The continued presence of the rapid support forces in the northern part of Abyei, particularly around Gali, Defra and surrounding areas, remained a serious concern.
No direct attacks on civilians or Unesco personnel were recorded during the period.
The presence, however, of checkpoints, armed patrols and incidents of intimidation, including of UN personnel, contributed to a climate of insecurity.
The presence of an increased number of unauthorised armed actors, including those related to the conflict in Sudan and the complex political dynamics in South Sudan, complicate the political context of Abyei.
This only highlights the urgent need to deploy a deputy civilian head of mission to Unisfa.
Despite these challenges, Unisfa maintained strong community engagement, conducted robust patrols and sustained rapid response operations.
It is.
It also continued weapons management activities, including the disposal of small arms, ammunition and unexploded ordnance, mine action activities, improved freedom of movement and humanitarian access.
However, the rate of arms proliferation continued to outpace confiscation efforts.
Mr.
president, the period under review marked a profound operational setback for the joint border verification and monitoring mechanism.
On 13th December 2025, at the Kadugli Logistics base in the Sudan, three drone attacks launched within minutes of each other killed six peacekeepers from Bangladesh and injured nine others.
We wish to express our deepest condolences to the families of the victims, as well as to the people and the government of Bangladesh.
Following the deterioration of the security situation in Sudan and the inability to guarantee personal personnel safety, Unesco relocated and subsequently closed all joint border verification and monitoring mechanism team sites suspending its physical presence in the safe demilitarized border zone for the first time since its establishment.
The continued suspension of this mechanism constitutes a serious challenge to the demilitarisation framework under the 2011 agreement, United Nations headquarters, in coordination with Unesco, will soon submit to the parties options for United Nations support to the Joint border Verification and Monitoring mechanism.
It is clear that any effective and sustainable support will ultimately depend on renewed political engagement by the parties to honour their agreement, and the resumption of joint political and security mechanism meetings.
In addition the immediate withdrawal of all unauthorised forces, including the South Sudan People's Defense Forces and the rapid support forces from the ABA area remains essential.
Mr.
president, progress on the restoration of the rule of law remained limited during the reporting period.
The Abyei Police Service has yet to be established.
Both Sudan and South Sudan have expressed support for the deployment of the remainder of the authorised UN police component.
In the absence of formal law enforcement institutions in Abyei, Community Protection Committees shoulder the primary responsibility for policing supported by Unesco through training, mentoring and co-location.
While these mechanisms have mitigated risks they are not a sustainable substitute for mandated policing arrangements.
The human rights situation remained of concern.
Unesco documented violations involving sexual violence against minors, alongside abuses attributed to unauthorised armed actors.
Accountability remained low in access to education, healthcare and livelihoods continue to be disrupted by insecurity and displacement.
UNHCR continued to integrate women peace and security commitments across mandate delivery.
Women's participation increased in patrols, community protection mechanisms and migration related dialogues, including at the Pre-migration conference between the Dinka and Misseriya communities.
Youth engagement initiatives strengthened leadership and peace building, although recruitment by armed groups remained a serious concern.
Mr.
president, turning to the humanitarian situation, the presence in Abyei of internally displaced persons increased significantly and is now estimated at 2000.
UNHCR maintained a protective presence at arrival sites and facilitated humanitarian access while United Nations agencies and partners delivered assistance under difficult conditions.
Implementation of the Abyei Joint Programme, Advanced social cohesion, livelihoods and protection, including support for women and youth led economic initiatives, particularly among displaced communities.
However, reduced funding and the contraction of agency pressure presence in Abyei continued to erode peace, dividends and basic service delivery.
Mr.
president, we would like to express our appreciation to the outgoing Acting Head of Mission and Force Commander, Major General Robert Afram, and to welcome his successor, Major General Ganesh Shrestha, who assumed his duties upon arrival in the mission on 25th January this year.
I also commend the Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, the personnel of Unesco and the United Nations, country teams of Sudan and South Sudan for their continued professionalism and commitment to supporting peace, security and stability in Abyei under challenging conditions.
I thank the members of the Security Council for their continued support to Unisfa.
In conclusion, ABBA remains at a critical juncture.
Unisfa continues to protect civilians and prevent escalation, but it cannot be a substitute for political resolve.
Progress requires the resumption of bilateral mechanisms, the withdrawal of all unauthorised forces, the establishment of the Abyei Police Service, and renewed support from the African Union and the international community.
Sustained engagement by this council will remain essential to uphold the demilitarized status of Abyei and advance a durable political solution.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
I thank Miss Pope for her briefing.
I now give the floor to Mr.
Guangcheng.
Mr.
president, distinguished members of the Security Council thank you for the opportunity to brief the Council on the implementation of resolution 2046, which addresses outstanding bilateral issues between Sudan and South Sudan, as well as the situation in South Kordofan and Blue Nile states.
The relationship between Sudan and South Sudan continues to be determined by the war in Sudan and its regional humanitarian security, and the political consequences.
Given the geographical, historical, economic and political ties between the two countries, South Sudan is one of the neighbouring countries most affected by these conflicts.
Since the start of the war in Sudan in 2023, over 1.3 million Sudanese refugees and South Sudanese have fled to South Sudan.
This massive influx has compounded an already dire humanitarian situation, increasing pressure on very limited access to food, basic health care and education services in South Sudan.
The war in Sudan has also posed serious challenges to South Sudan's security through cross-border movements of armed groups, weakened border control and increased circulation of weapons.
Mindful of its internal security and oil revenues, in December 2025, South Sudan managed to mediate a tripartite agreement with the Sudanese Armed forces and the Rapid Support Forces to deploy South Sudan People's Defense Forces to secure the Heglig oil field despite episodic incidents.
The agreement still holds but remains fragile given the volatile context in Sudan.
Mindful of the impacts of the war on both countries, the two governments sought to maintain a constructive bilateral relationship through high level engagements and visits to Port Sudan and Juba in December 2025 and January of this year.
These discussions focus on securing borders against the movements of armed groups, securing and opening the Heglig oil facility maintaining oil exports and bilateral trade, and agreeing to form a joint economic committee to oversee coordination on these matters.
Mr.
president, IBS final status remains one of the most important and resolved issues between Sudan and South Sudan.
Libya continues to be severely affected by the war in Sudan, as it has received over 46,000 refugees and returnees, as well as IDPs, further stretching humanitarian needs beyond current capacity.
The war in Sudan has also impeded the seasonal reverse migration of herders from Abyei towards the north, resulting in the provisional settlement of about 11,000 Misseriya in Abyei.
The ISF presence in the northern part of Abyei, as a direct consequence of the Sudan conflicts and the continued presence in the southern part of the Abyei, continue in breach of existing agreements and Security Council resolutions on Abyei.
These military activities in and around Ava have significantly impeded the operations of Unisfa.
In my meetings with government officials of Sudan and South Sudan in Khartoum and Juba during my recent visit in March and April, I reiterated the need for insulating Ava from the conflicts in Sudan and challenges facing South Sudan, strengthening Unisfa capacity to maintain security within the Abyei box and resuming dialogue between Sudan and South Sudan on the final status of Ava.
I also called on the parties to allow for additional United Nations police units for Unisfa and the operationalisation of a Tony airstrip to facilitate unisfa operations, mobility and logistical support in Khartoum.
General Abdel Fattah Abraham, chairman of Sudan's Transitional Sovereignty Council and commander in chief of the Sudanese armed Forces, stressed Sudan's commitments to a peaceful resolution in accordance with the 2011 agreement and assured that Sudan is prepared prepared to continue discussions on expanding joint measures to secure the area.
In Juba, senior government officials conveyed President Kiir's commitments to advancing the Ava file and making progress on the five benchmarks, as required by the UN Security Council.
Mr.
president, it is encouraging to note that both governments of Sudan and South Sudan reiterated their commitments to advancing dialogue and reconvening the Joint political and security mechanism.
Officials from both sides of the Joint Oversight Committees also agreed to explore the feasibility of convening a virtual meeting to initiate preparations for future engagement.
South Sudan authorities further agreed to include Abyei in their bilateral engagements with Sudan counterparts.
South Sudanese military officials also expressed willingness to withdraw the SPLA forces from the southern part of Ava and requested the deployment of forces to ensure security in the area.
In my visit to Ava last week, Ava authorities, traditional leaders, civil society and women and youth representatives expressed their serious concern over the lack of progress on the final status of Ava.
Emphasizing the critical role that Unisfa has been playing in the protection of civilians and underscoring the urgent need for immediate deployment of additional ample to address growing law and order challenges, I encouraged the local stakeholders to take proactive measures as a shared responsibility to demilitarize the area, noting that a secure environment is the foundation for sustainable peace and continued humanitarian support to Ava.
Although the relationship between the Dinka and the communities has improved, the establishment of joint administration and security police arrangements in the current context was viewed as further entrenching the status quo without resolving the final status of Ava.
In my engagements with the African Union and Intergovernmental Authority on Development, I got I reiterated the importance of strengthened A.U., Igot UN collaboration and coordination on the resolution of Ava's final status.
Both the AU and Igod have expressed their commitment to enhancing our joint efforts in this regard.
We will continue to encourage both governments to restart the dialogue as part of efforts to resolve Ava's final status.
My office has also continued sustained engagements with the Ava High level Committee, co-chairs of the Ava Joint Oversight Committee from both countries and other relevant stakeholders to support preparations for renewed bilateral dialogue on Ava.
These discussions have also focused on the need for both governments to make progress against the benchmarks linked to Uniswap's mandate renewal and address prevailing security risks.
Security dynamics at risk impeding political progress in this regard, I maintained close coordination with the UNHCR, Acting Head of Mission and Unmis leadership to ensure coherent political outreach on Ava related issues.
Mr.
president, South Kordofan and Blue Nile states continue to be affected by the war in Sudan, as they are part of the theater of intensified fighting to control the.
Elevate the daily road linking South Kordofan with North Kordofan, a major logistic access.
The fighting in Blue Nile states has also expanded to Kumukh, a border town which was captured by the ISAF in March this year.
Due to this intensified fighting critical infrastructure in South Kordofan and Blue Nile has been destroyed and the humanitarian situation has deteriorated.
Aid delivery has been hindered and the population is facing acute food insecurity and malnutrition.
The two states are particularly vulnerable to the disruptions of agricultural production due to combined effects of climate change and war.
In line with UN Security Council Resolution 2046.
I will continue to support efforts to resolve outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between Sudan and South Sudan.
I will continue to provide support to the personal envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan, the African Union and Egypt, as well as other partners in their ongoing efforts to end the war in Sudan and to initiate a political process that should also include South Kordofan and Blue Nile states.
I will also continue to engage with the governments of Sudan and South Sudan to restart dialogue on the final status of Ava, and to work with all stakeholders to encourage progress on the five benchmarks for the renewal of Unisfa mandate, as required by this Council.
I thank you for your attention.
I thank Mr.
Zhongkang for the briefing.
I now give the floor to those council members who wish to make statements.
I give the floor to the representative of the United States.
Thank you, Mr.
President, and thank you to our Briefers.
The United States is frustrated to be back here again, discussing two governments that lack the conviction to use Unisfa as an opportunity to consolidate peace.
The United States is deeply troubled that neither the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee nor the joint Political and security mechanism convened during the reporting period.
We spent considerable time urging both governments in Unisfa mandate to meet and engage through meaningful dialogue, to make progress on the security, political and administrative arrangements.
Progress on all benchmarks is not optional.
It is essential to maintain our support for this mission's mandate.
We cannot want peace more than the parties themselves.
Colleagues, this is common sense.
Without resumption of the joint political and security mechanism and continued security guarantees from both governments, the demilitarization framework established in 2011 risks becoming meaningless at a moment that is critically important for Sudan, South Sudan and the wider region.
Full demilitarization of the Bay area remains unachieved.
South Sudan's forces and Sudan's rapid support forces continue to violate the demilitarized zone through unauthorized checkpoints, restricted movement and interference with civilian life undermining the zone's purpose This situation cannot continue.
The United States calls upon all parties to cease interference with the civilian population and uphold their obligations under the 2011 agreement.
We demand that all unauthorized forces and armed groups immediately withdraw from the Abyei administrative area and Kadugli and vacate occupied civilian structures and UN facilities.
These are commitments both governments made and must honor.
The United States remains deeply concerned that government authorities have yet to establish the Abyei Police Service.
U.N.
police deployment remains well below authorized levels due to visa restrictions.
Community protection committees staffed by volunteers bear the primary responsibility for law enforcement.
These are not sustainable arrangements.
The United States calls upon the governments of Sudan and South Sudan to enable U.N.
police deployment.
Establishing the Abyei Police Service remains the party's responsibilities under their agreement and this Council's benchmarks.
The UN cannot do this for them.
Peace in Abyei requires both governments to implement their commitments.
Resume bilateral engagement and take concrete steps towards demilitarization and establishing formal governance and security institutions.
People in Abyei have waited long enough, and quite frankly, this council should be exhausted by the cycle of delay and inaction by the host governments.
Thank you Well, I thank the United States for the statement.
I now give the floor to the representative of Liberia.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the A3 members, namely the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia and my own country, Liberia.
We thank ASG Mattaponi and Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Kwang Sung, for their briefings.
And we take note of the Secretary General's report on the situation in Abyei.
For the A3, Abyei represents a test of whether unresolved political questions in Africa are managed through dialogue or allowed to slide back into violence.
The A3 remains deeply concerned by the continued lack of progress on the political process.
Regarding the final status of Abyei.
The report speaks to a region at a breaking point and reminds us that people of Abyei continue to pay the price for decisions delayed and commitments unmet.
Abyei is a territory that links communities, cultures and livelihoods.
Its inability is instability rather reverberates beyond the borders, affecting both Sudan and South Sudan.
The absence of sustained dialogue between Sudan and South Sudan, and the non-functioning of key mechanisms such as the Joint Political and Security Mechanism and the Joint Oversight Committee, continue to impede progress.
This deterioration reflects the absence of credible political horizons and the resultant vacuum that armed actors are exploiting.
In this regard, we underscore that there is no alternative to a political solution.
We call on all parties to engage constructively, including through the resumption of dialogue under the auspices of the African Union, with the support of Egypt and the United Nations.
African led solutions remain central to African peace At the same time, the Council cannot be indifferent.
We are alarmed by the deterioration of the security situation in Abyei The continued presence of unauthorized armed actors in violation of the area's demilitarized status is unacceptable.
We are particularly concerned by reports of intercommunal violence, the proliferation of small arms and rising criminality that further exacerbate insecurity and place civilians at risk.
Abaya was meant to be demilitarized, and that commitment must be respected.
In this regard, the A3 advances three clear priorities.
First, abaya must return to its demilitarized status, and all unauthorized forces must withdraw without delay.
Second, Sudan and South Sudan must urgently re-activate the hedgehog and the GSM as the only viable channels for preventing escalation and restoring confidence.
Third, the protection of civilians and United Nations personnel, including full accountability for all attacks on peacekeepers must remain non-negotiable.
We strongly condemn the drone attack of 13th December against UN personnel, which resulted in the tragic loss of life among the Bangladeshi contingent.
We extend our deepest condolences to the families of the victims and to the troop contributing country.
We reiterate that attacks against United Nations peacekeepers may constitute war crimes, and those responsible must be held accountable.
Africa knows the cost of protracted conflict, and that silence and inaction only deepen instability.
Mr.
president, in this challenging context, Unisfa remains indispensable.
The mission continues to play a critical role in maintaining stability, protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian access, and supporting dialogue However, we note with concern the growing operational constraints facing the mission, including restrictions on its freedom of movement, logistical challenges, and the impact of resource limitations.
These challenges are further compounded by the disruption of the joint border verification monitoring mechanism, which remain a key confidence building tool between the two countries.
We stress that Unisfa cannot substitute for political will.
Sustainable peace in Libya ultimately depends on the commitment of Sudan and South Sudan to resolve their differences through dialogue.
We also highlight the concern humanitarian situation marked by displacement, limited access to basic services and increased vulnerability of communities.
The absence of functioning rule of law institutions, including the Abyei Police Service, further compounds these challenges.
In the immediate term, the Abyei Police Service must be established as agreed, supported by the rapid deployment of UN police at authorized strength.
The A3 reiterates its concern regarding approaches that seek to link the future of the mission to benchmarks that are largely outside the control of Unisfa.
While progress by the parties is essential, the mission's mandate should be guided by the realities on the ground and the need to ensure stability, rather than conditionality that may risk premature adjustments.
In this regard, we underscore the importance of maintaining adequate support and resources for Unscr to effectively implement its mandate.
The humanitarian situation also demands urgent attention.
Displacement is rising.
Basic services are declining, and funding shortfalls are leaving dangerous gaps.
We call on member states to meet their financial obligations.
Peacekeeping and protection cannot be sustained on promises alone.
In conclusion, we call on the parties to demonstrate renewed political will, to resume dialogue and to take concrete steps toward the demilitarization of Abyan.
The A3 remains committed to supporting efforts aimed at achieving a just, peaceful and lasting solution for Abyei.
We urge action now because the cost of delay is counted in lives, and I thank you.
I thank the representative of Liberia on behalf of speaking on behalf of A3.
And now I give the floor to the representative of Bahrain.
Seed Rice.
Uh.
Mr.
President, at the outset, I would like to congratulate you for presiding over the Council during this month, and I wish you and the delegation of China all success.
I also thank you for your kind words, Mr.
President.
I would like to thank Miss Martha Pobee Assistant Secretary general for Africa, and Mr.
Huang Kong, UN Secretary General, special envoy for the Horn of Africa.
For their valuable briefings.
We also welcome the participation of the representative of the Republic of Sudan and the representative of South Sudan in this meeting.
Mr.
president, last month we listened to a briefing by Lieutenant General Ganesh Kumar Acting Head of Mission and Force Commander of Unisfa, who indicated that the situation in the Abyei area remains relatively stable yet unpredictable amid continued violations of the 2011 Agreement on Temporary Arrangements for the administration and security of the Abyei area.
In this context we would like to highlight four key points.
First, the Kingdom of Bahrain affirms that achieving stability in Sudan and South Sudan is a fundamental pillar for consolidating peace and security in the region and for creating favourable conditions to reach a sustainable solution for the Abyei area.
What we have heard today underscores the urgent need to strengthen confidence building efforts among the parties concerned and to accelerate ongoing efforts.
Accordingly, we urge the parties to intensify serious efforts to meet the benchmarks outlined in Security Council Resolution 2802.
And to fully implement cooperation agreements and security arrangements, including the establishment of the Abyei Police Service.
We also encourage the United Nations and the African Union to continue supporting the facilitation of meetings of the joint political and security mechanism between Sudan and South Sudan at the earliest possible time.
Second, the Kingdom of Bahrain expresses its concern over the Secretary General's report on the rise of violence in Abyei as a result of inter-communal conflict.
The proliferation of weapons and landmines, and the presence of unauthorized armed individuals controlling civilian facilities We are witnessing a serious deterioration in the demilitarised border area.
This has led, for the first time, to the suspension of the full field presence of the joint border verification and monitoring mechanism.
This is a worrying indication of increasing instability between Sudan and South Sudan, with a broader humanitarian and security implications.
The increasing use of drones is also a source of concern.
It presents new challenges that require a more coordinated and effective international response.
In this context, the Kingdom of Bahrain emphasizes the need to translate formal assurances provided by the relevant parties into a tangible reality and to ensure that the Abyei area remains demilitarized in accordance with the 2011 agreement and the Status of Forces Agreement, and in line with international law.
Third, the Kingdom of Bahrain commends Unscr rule and the contributions of troop contributing countries in supporting peace and security in the Abyei area.
Despite limited resources and the declining operational capacities of some mission components.
We also welcome the continued regular engagement between the mission and the governments of Sudan and South Sudan, local communities and humanitarian actors.
At the same time, the Kingdom of Bahrain condemns the obstruction and attacks targeting the mission and its facilities, which undermined the mission's mission's ability to discharge its mandate and to effectively respond to humanitarian needs.
In this regard, we stress the importance for all parties to ensure the protection of humanitarian personnel and facilities in accordance with relevant international laws and instruments.
In conclusion, Mr.
President, despite ongoing challenges including the influx of displaced persons and refugees, pressures, pressure on livelihoods, the suspension of local community support projects, and the spread of misinformation that threatens the continuity of the mission's work.
The Kingdom of Bahrain commends community dialogue structures, particularly initiatives led by women and youth.
These initiatives play a positive role in peace building by enhancing communication, mediation, by reducing violence contributing to the protection of civilians and facilitating access to essential services.
Thank you.
I thank the representative of Bahrain.
Now I'll give the floor to the representative of Panama.
Gracias.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
We'd like to congratulate China on assuming the presidency of the Council.
And we wish you success as you lead the work of the Council this month, and you can be assured of our full cooperation Panama would like to thank assistant Secretary-General for Africa Martha Pobee, and the special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Guangdong, for their valuable updates on the situation in Abyei and the work of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei.
Abyei continues to be a territory of profound political and symbolic significance for relations between Sudan and South Sudan.
Nevertheless, the absence of a lasting resolution regarding its status remains a central factor of tension and instability between both parties.
In the current context marked by the conflict in Sudan and political uncertainty in South Sudan.
It is imperative to reinvigorate the bilateral political process in order to move toward a definitive resolution of the status of Abyei.
Panama notes with concern the worsening of the security situation, the persistence of armed actors, the proliferation of weapons, and the presence of Sudanese and South Sudanese forces in the in the area constitute clear violations of Abyei de militarised status.
Likewise, restrictions on freedom of movement, together with logistical and operational challenges, continue to limit the capacity of Unisfa and the joint border verification and monitoring mechanism to effectively carry out their mandates.
In this regard, Panama emphasizes the need for the parties involved to fully cooperate with the mission, respecting its mandate and the Status of Forces agreement, and ensuring the safety of the civilian population and peacekeeping personnel.
And we would echo what was expressed by this Council in its press statement of December 19th, 2025, when we unanimously condemned the drone attacks carried out on December 13th against the Unisfa logistics base in Kadugli, which resulted in the tragic loss of six Bangladeshi peace peacekeepers.
These acts, which may constitute war crimes, represent a grave violation of international law and demonstrate the growing risks being faced by the mission.
We reiterate the importance of ensuring that those responsible are held accountable before the law.
On the humanitarian front, the situation remains critical.
Recurrent displacement driven by inter-communal violence and the impact of conflicts in the region continue to severely affect the civilian population.
While Unisfa plays a key role in facilitating humanitarian access and providing security at strategic points, current financial limitations, including a 15% reduction in its budget, are seriously affecting its operational capacity.
This situation not only delays police deployment, but has also reduced the United Nations presence in Abyei, creating gaps in humanitarian response.
Peace building efforts and the provision of basic services, while also preventing any possibility for preventive diplomacy to avoid further escalation of the conflict.
In line with the strategic review of Unisfa shared with this council in 2025, we consider it essential to preserve the mission's political role strengthening the protection of civilians, optimizing the use of resources and adjusting monitoring mechanisms to current realities Mr.
president, Panama positively values the recent visit in January 2026 by the Military Staff Committee of the Security Council to the Abyei region, which contributes to a better understanding of the conditions and needs on the ground.
This council has historically agreed on the importance of unscr and of the joint mechanism for the stability of Abyei.
In this context, Panama reiterates the need for the Council to maintain its support for the mission and urges the parties to fulfil their obligations, advance the demilitarization of the area and immediately address the security situation.
The mission plays an essential role, but it cannot replace the political will of the parties.
Only through a genuine commitment to dialogue, respect for existing agreements and with the support of the United Nations, will it be possible to move toward a peaceful solution for the benefit of the people of Abyei? Thank you very much.
I thank the representative of Panama.
Now I give the floor to the representative of the United Kingdom.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
And congratulations on assuming the presidency for the month of May.
I thank Assistant Secretary General Povey and Special Envoy Song for their briefings today.
I will make three points.
First, the United Kingdom underscores UNICEF's critical role in protecting civilians and maintaining stability in a fragile environment.
It is essential that Unisfa is able to deliver its mandate in full.
We are concerned by continued restrictions on Unisfa freedom of movement, the limited progress by the Sudanese and South Sudanese authorities against key mandate benchmarks agreed last November, and the presence of unauthorized forces in violation of Abyei demilitarized status.
We also strongly condemn the drone attacks on the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism Mechanism Logistics Base in December, which killed six Bangladeshi peacekeepers and injured nine others.
And we extend our deepest sympathies to their families.
We urge accountability and call on all parties to ensure the safety and security of UN personnel and premises in accordance with international law.
Beyond this tragic human cost, the attack has also led to the first complete suspension of the mechanisms physical presence since its creation, which has significantly impacted border monitoring and demilitarization Second, we remain concerned at the acute humanitarian and protection situation in Abyei.
More than 2000 people are currently displaced in the region, and access constraints are limiting the delivery of vital assistance.
We are also deeply concerned by reports of a pattern of conflict related sexual violence, including against children.
We call on all actors to allow safe and unhindered humanitarian access and to protect civilians in line with international law.
And third, it is critical that progress is made against the benchmarks agreed and resolution 2802.
The continued failure to convene joint mechanisms and delays to police deployments are deeply concerning.
We urge Sudan and South Sudan to re-engage in dialogue and take concrete steps towards demilitarization and agreed governance arrangements.
Thank you.
I thank the representative of the United Kingdom.
Now I give the floor to the representative of France.
Mr.
President.
Mr.
president, we would like to wish you every success for your presidency.
I would like to thank assistant Secretary-General for Africa, Miss Pourbaix, and also special Envoy of the Secretary General for the Horn of Africa, Mr.
Guangdong, for their briefings.
As has been stated, the pre-existing instability in Abyei has been exacerbated by the escalation of the conflict in Sudan and also tensions in South Sudan.
The presence of the United Nations is therefore particularly important, and I would like to make three points We remain concerned by the regional impact of the conflict in Sudan and the risk of spillover to South Sudan and its increasing impact on Abyei.
France is calling for an immediate withdrawal of the rapid support forces from Sector North in Abyei.
Their presence is in violation of the 2011 agreement and is intimidating local populations.
France condemns violations of the civil and political rights perpetrated by the CSF in Abyei These violations fuel the climate of insecurity produced by inter-community armed clashes and crime in Sudan.
There is an urgent need for the Sudanese armed forces and the Rapid Support Forces to resume negotiations, to conclude a ceasefire without delay, and to create necessary conditions for an inclusive, credible and transparent political process.
Mr.
president, the Sudanese and South Sudanese authorities must engage urgently to lift all obstacles to the smooth running of unisfa.
The Security Council by renewing the mandate of the mission, clearly laid out its expectations here.
One the withdrawal of the two parties and all armed forces, and all non-authorized armed elements present in contravention of the demilitarised status of Abyei to the resumption of the meetings of the joint political and security mechanisms by both parties to accomplish measurable progress on border demarcation.
Three the establishment of joint security forces in Abyei for the issuance of visas to police and prison officers as mandated as part of the mission.
Five the swift appointment of a civilian Deputy Head of Mission.
We would call upon the Sudanese and South Sudanese authorities to take necessary measures along these lines.
These measures are crucial for the implementation of the mandate of Unisfa.
However, these measures should not determine the future of the force.
This should be based on an analysis of the political and security situation on the ground.
Mr.
president, France welcomes the commitment of Unscr and reiterates its support to it in the current context.
The role of Unisfa is particularly decisive in protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian assistance, and promoting inter-community dialogue.
The force is carrying out this indispensable work in a dangerous environment.
France has condemned when the strongest possible terms the drone attack on the Kadugli base that killed six Bangladeshi blue helmets and injured eight in December.
The perpetrators.
We would like to extend our condolences to the Bangladeshi families of the victims and.
This.
Perpetrators must be brought to justice and.
The attack caused a suspension of the physical presence of the GB VM, hitherto deployed in the demilitarised border area.
France would encourage the force to identify alternatives so that this joint mechanism can continue to implement its mandate to contribute to the stabilisation in eBay, France would express its support to the Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Mr.
Guangdong, and his mediation efforts for the full implementation of the 2011 and 2012 agreements.
France remains determined to support efforts to ensure the return of peace and the resolution of the conflicts that are affecting the Sudanese and South Sudanese people.
I thank you.
I thank the representative of France, and I will give the floor to the representative of Denmark.
Thank you, Mr.
President, and congratulations on taking up the presidency of the Council this month.
I thank ASG Pobee and Special Envoy Kong for their detailed briefings on the situation.
As we have heard, the people of Abyei remain trapped by years of an unchanging status quo, immense humanitarian needs, and threats of inter-communal violence.
Denmark condemns the continued presence of the Rapid Support Forces and the South Sudan People's Defence Forces and other armed elements, which constitute a source of violence and insecurity for the civilian population.
We urge them to withdraw and reiterate that Abyei is a demilitarized zone and must remain as such.
Furthermore, Denmark strongly condemns the abhorrent drone strikes on the Unisfa logistic base in Kadugli in December 2025, resulting in the death of six Bangladeshi peacekeepers.
We extend our sincere condolences to their families.
It must be stressed that personnel and facilities involved in a peacekeeping mission, in accordance with the UN charter are protected under international law, and recall that attacks against such personnel and facilities may constitute a war crime.
We are deeply concerned that this attack precipitated the evacuation of the Kadugli logistics base and ultimately, the withdrawal from all joint border verification and monitoring mechanism team sites This is a serious setback to monitoring and verification capacity along the Sudan South Sudan border.
Mr.
president, it is extremely concerning that virtually no progress has been made toward a political solution on the final status of Abyei.
The ongoing conflict in both Sudan and South Sudan does not absolve either party of their responsibilities.
We support the continuing engagement by the special Envoy to the Horn of Africa, the African Union and Igar in supporting resumption of dialogue between Sudan and South Sudan, and we urge the parties to show political resolve.
Furthermore, we regret that there has been no progress on other issues, such as the establishment of the Joint Security police and the issuance of visas for UN police personnel and formed police units.
In this regard, we express appreciation for the voluntary work of Community Protection Committee members who continue to bear primary responsibility for law enforcement in the absence of police.
Mr.
president, the ongoing conflict in Sudan and South Sudan has triggered large scale displacement into Abyei.
We reiterate our call for an urgent ceasefire in Sudan and for revitalisation of the peace agreement in South Sudan during seasonal migration, conflict driven displacement, as well as flooding and drought have continued to intensify resource competition.
Denmark underlines the key role of unisfa in addressing inter-communal violence, working with local communities to better respond to the impacts of climate change and extreme weather events, while effectively promoting the participation of women in these efforts.
Mr.
president, in closing, Unisfa continues to be the backbone of security and stability in Abyei in an increasingly precarious and challenging environment, facing limitations beyond its control.
There is an urgent need for renewed commitment by the parties to the mission's unimpeded mandate implementation.
Denmark underlines that the mission's presence remains crucial, and we will work with all partners to ensure that it is enabled to continue delivering for the people of Abyei.
Thank you.
I thank the representative of Denmark.
I now give the floor to the representative of Latvia Thank you, Mr.
President.
At the outset, let me congratulate China upon assuming the presidency of the Council this month and thank Bahrain for their leadership and excellent conduct of our work last month.
I thank Assistant Secretary General Pourbaix and Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Tung, for their briefings.
And let me highlight three points.
First, Abyei continues to need stabilising presence.
Security incidents increased by more than 50% during the reporting period.
Inter-communal clashes remain a major source of casualties, and criminal activity continues to erode public safety.
The voices of the local civil society, youth and women's representatives and traditional leaders are clear.
Maintaining unisfa in Abyei is critical to preventing renewed conflict and preserving stability, and this is not a local issue.
The war in Sudan and instability in South Sudan are pushing people and armed actors into Abyei, including civilians fleeing violence in Abinomn.
If Unisfa presence is weakened, the vacuum that would form is not to remain void for long.
It risks being filled by armed actors, criminal networks and spoilers, and the Horn of Africa cannot afford another crisis.
Second, we must be clear eyed about the limits of ability to deliver.
The problem is not only in security, it is also the lack of political will to address unresolved political and security challenges.
Sudan and South Sudan must re-engage through the joint Political and security mechanism and the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee and move forward with establishing the ABA Police Service.
Interference inside ABA must also stop.
South Sudanese security personnel, maintain unauthorized checkpoints and occupy civilian structures, while CSF elements in sector north restrict movement, intimidate communities, and interfere with local structures.
Kadugli attack leading to loss of life.
Of the six Bangladeshi peacekeepers must mark a turning point.
Attacks on peacekeepers and the obstruction of mandated tasks violate international law and make the mission less safe, less mobile and less effective, and neither can be tolerated.
Third, Unisfa must adapt, but adaptation must strengthen the mandate, not dilute it.
After Kadugli attack and the closure of Joint border verification and monitoring Mechanism team sites, the mission must still monitor, verify and warn.
Technology can help satellite imagery, aerial tools where appropriate, and stronger analysis through data driven tools can give the mission a clearer picture of the safe, demilitarised border zone.
But these tools, these tools can reduce blind spots, assist early warning, and improve personnel safety.
At the same time, technology should assist rather than replace peacekeeping personnel, and that is the backbone, ensuring honest face effectiveness through presence, mobility and trust.
Technology cannot patrol the market, reassure community or verify facts by itself.
And this brings an additional point Adaptation requires access.
Sudan and South Sudan must provide predictable clearances, freedom of movement and cooperation with mandated tasks The body should also enable the full deployment of mandated UN police support.
The appointment of a civilian deputy Head of mission and strengthen community protection arrangements, including through women's meaningful participation and echoing the special envoys comments on his engagement with the parties.
We urge the governments of both Sudan and South Sudan to listen and to re-engage in meaningful dialogue towards final status.
Mr.
president Unisfa can help hold the line in Abyei, but only if it has the political backing, access and strong mandate to do so.
I thank you.
All.
I thank the representative of Latvia.
I now give the floor to the representative of Greece Thank you, Mr.
President.
At the outset, we would like to congratulate China for assuming the presidency of the Council for the month of May and to thank Bahrain for its successful stewardship of the Council in April.
We thank Assistant Secretary General Martha Pobee and Special Envoy Wang Kong for their briefings.
We also welcome the special envoys recent visit to Abyei and his continued engagement with the parties, the African Union and Ticad.
At a time when renewed political momentum is urgently needed.
Mr.
president, we would like to highlight the following points.
First, Greece remains deeply concerned by the deteriorating security situation in Abyei.
The rise in violent incidents, inter-communal classes, criminal activity, and the presence of unauthorised armed actors point to an increasingly fragile and volatile, volatile environment.
The proliferation of weapons and the targeting of civilians further aggravate instability.
We strongly condemn attacks against United Nations personnel.
There is safety and security must be guaranteed at all times, and those responsible must be held accountable.
In this context, Greece reiterates its strong support for Unisfa and pays tribute to all peacekeepers serving under extremely challenging conditions.
We also underline the need to ensure the safety and freedom of movement of humanitarian personnel.
All parties must guarantee safe, rapid and unhindered humanitarian access and fully respect their obligations under international humanitarian law.
Second, renewed political engagement between Sudan and South Sudan is urgently needed.
The lack of progress in convening key bilateral mechanisms is deeply concerning.
Despite reiterated commitments by both parties, meaningful engagement has remained limited.
This is partly due to the broader conflict in Sudan and internal challenges in South Sudan, which continue to constrain the reactivation of agreed frameworks.
The continued suspension, suspension of the Joint Political and Security Mechanism and the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee has stalled the implementation of existing arrangements and delayed progress on the final status of Abyei.
We call on both parties to resume dialogue without delay, restore the functioning of functioning of a great mechanism, and engage constructively with regional and international partners.
Only through sustained political will and structured engagement can progress be achieved toward resolving outstanding issues, including the final status of Abyei.
In this regard, we emphasize the importance of preserving the demilitarized status of Abyei and addressing broader humanitarian and governance challenges as the continued presence of unauthorized forces undermine stability and violates existing agreements.
My third point, Mr.
President, the humanitarian situation remains alarming.
Continued displacement, food insecurity, and limited access to essential services placed severe pressure on vulnerable populations.
Greece is particularly concerned about the situation of children in Abyei.
Reports of grave violations, including conflict related sexual violence against minors, as well as the impact of insecurity on access to education.
Health care and protection are deeply troubling The disruption of schooling, combined with the exposure of children to violence and displacement, risks creating long term consequences for an entire generation.
We therefore call on all parties to fully respect international humanitarian and human rights law and ensure the protection of children and facilitate safe access to education and essential services.
The international community must also strengthen support for child protection mechanisms on the ground.
We also encourage continued support for women and youth led peacebuilding initiatives, which remain indispensable for local conflict prevention and social cohesion.
In conclusion, Mr.
President, while Unesco continues to play an indispensable role in supporting stability and the protection of civilians.
Lasting progress ultimately ultimately depends on the sustained political commitment of the parties.
Greece remains committed to supporting all efforts towards lasting peace, stability and security in Abyei I thank you.
I thank the representative of Greece.
I now give the floor to the representative of the Russian Federation.
Since this is the first open meeting under the Chinese presidency this month, we would like to use this opportunity to wish our friends every success in their work in May.
Mr.
president, we are grateful to assistant Secretary-General for Africa Marta Pobee, and the Special Envoy for the Secretary General for the Horn of Africa, Mr.
Guangdong, for their briefings.
We welcome to today's meeting the representatives of Sudan and South Sudan.
The process of settling the final status of Abyei, including the border demarcation between Sudan and South Sudan, is still being held hostage by the difficult situation in each of these two states.
Juba is continuing its law and order operations in the northern states.
The presence in the region of destructive elements, including the Sudanese Rapid Support Forces, is having a negative impact on the situation in Abyei.
Given this background, the deployment there.
Of several hundred military personnel of the South Sudanese regular army is a necessary measure to prevent an outbreak of instability.
We are convinced that as the situation improves on the external perimeters of Abyei, Juba will be able to take a decision to withdraw its forces from their settlement in Abyei continues to be the focus of attention of the Sudanese government.
Without a cessation of hostilities in the border states of Kordofan and Darfur, it is premature to talk about any dialogue regarding Abyei.
We would draw attention to the fact that in this disputed region, there are no Sudanese armed forces soldiers.
It is the actions of those elements that oppose Khartoum, which are the main barrier to starting substantive a substantive settlement process.
Furthermore these are posing a direct threat to the UN themselves.
It's no coincidence that at the end of 2025, Unesco was compelled to leave its logistics base of the joint border Verification and monitoring mechanism in Sudanese Kadugli and also the two nearby team sites.
This occurred after a drone strike killed six peacekeepers from Bangladesh, and the council has already spoken about this incident.
It is important to point out that the Sudanese government is not sitting idly.
It has stated its willingness to resume meetings of the joint political and security mechanisms, as officially communicated to the Secretary General in a letter dated the 2nd of April, Khartoum is open to establishing a joint police force.
However, modalities for its deployment require prior discussion with Juba.
At the same time, we trust that the Sudanese government will positively respond to the pending issue of approving the deployment in a bay of a UN police contingent.
We believe that through dialogue in time, a mutually acceptable solution can be found to the issue of the civilian deputy head of mission.
We believe that these positive steps that Russia fully welcomes attest to the clear progress made in implementing benchmarks on Abyei.
We view the UN Interim Security Force in Abyei as an important factor in ensuring stability in the region.
The main aim of the UN's presence in the region is to support security, to curb inter-community violence, and to provide assistance to Sudan and South Sudan in their desire to reach mutually acceptable solutions to the border dispute On all of these points, Unisfa, despite its forced cuts to its staff, is coping very successfully without achieving a final settlement of the status of Abyei.
Any talk about a drawdown or reduction of forces is premature.
In the prevailing circumstances.
The Security Council needs to be flexible and understand the objective problems facing the Sudanese and South Sudanese, and demonstrate that the UN is prepared to continue to ensure proper oversight of the situation in Abyei until the necessary conditions for dialogue between the two capitals are in place.
Pressure on the sides might have a negative impact, both on the security situation and on the work of the UN themselves.
I thank you.
I thank the representative of the Russian Federation.
I now give the floor to the representative of Pakistan.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
I warmly congratulate China on assuming the presidency of the Council.
We also congratulate Bahrain on its successful presidency last month.
I thank ASG Martha Pobee and Special Envoy Gwangjong for their briefings.
We commend the mission and Unisfa peacekeepers for implementing the mandate under exceptionally difficult conditions.
The situation in Abyei remains fragile and increasingly complex, shaped by the conflict in Sudan, instability in South Sudan, inter-communal tensions, arms proliferation, criminality and the presence of unauthorized armed actors, including the rapid support forces.
In this environment, Unisfa remains a stabilizing factor in Abyei.
The mission continues to protect civilians, support inter-communal dialogue, and facilitate humanitarian access.
Civilians seeking refuge in unisfa bases underscores both the volatility of the situation and the mission's critical value.
Around 600 Pakistani peacekeepers are actively contributing to peace through community engagement and efforts to prevent escalation.
President, we welcome the recent news regarding movement on the political track.
While both Sudan and South Sudan face serious internal challenges.
We encourage them to continue the engagement, including through the Joint Political and Security Mechanism and the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee with support from the United Nations, the African Union, IGAD and other regional partners.
A sustainable resolution of the final status of AV requires sustained political dialogue.
Pakistan strongly condemns the 13th December drone attack on the Unisfa logistics base in Kadugli, which killed six Bangladeshi peacekeepers.
We extend our deepest condolences to Bangladesh and to the families of the victims.
Those responsible must be held accountable.
Accountability for crimes against peacekeepers is key to deter such attacks in the future.
Financial considerations must not undermine protection, safety and security and accountability for crimes against peacekeepers We must not place a cost ceiling on the safety of those who serve the mandates assigned by this council.
Mr.
president, the Council has repeatedly emphasized the deployment of formed police units and police personnel as essential to Uniswap's mandate.
Now that conditions exist for such deployment, adequate resources must be provided for the deployments.
It would be difficult to justify treating the deployments of these police elements as a necessary condition for the mission's continuation, while failing to provide the financial means to deploy them.
The prompt deployment of these fpus is critical for strengthening law and order and protecting civilians.
Mr.
president, the mission's continued presence helps preserve fragile peace and prevents backsliding, while sustaining conditions necessary for political engagement.
Pakistan reaffirms its strong support for the mission and pays tribute to all peacekeepers serving under difficult and dangerous conditions.
I thank you very much.
I thank Pakistan for the statement I give the floor to Colombia.
Mr.
president, I'd like to begin by congratulating China for assuming the presidency of the Council for the month of May, and I wish you every success as you lead the work of this body.
Columbia reiterates our willingness to work constructively with the presidency for international peace and security.
I'd like to thank Assistant Secretary General Aki Pobee and Special Envoy Kong for their reports, which provide the Council with valuable information on the operation of the force.
Under the new mandate adopted at the end of 2025, as well as containing important details regarding the obstacles encountered on the ground during the last six months.
I also would like to welcome the delegations joining us today at this meeting.
Colombia strongly condemns the drone attacks carried out on the 13th of December 2025 against the Unisfa logistics base in Kadugli, which constitute a grave violation of international humanitarian law and could amount to war crimes.
My country expresses its sincere condolences to the families of the six Bangladeshi peacekeepers who lost their lives, and its solidarity with the nine personnel who were seriously injured.
We hope that the ongoing investigations will be thorough and independent, with a view to establishing responsibility and holding those responsible accountable.
This event, in addition to being tragic, marked a turning point.
It forced the relocation of the headquarters of the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism, and it led to the closure of all its facilities in the Safe demilitarized border zone.
The first suspension of its presence since it was created in 2011.
This moves expectations of stabilisation further away and alerts the council to an accelerated worsening of the situation on the ground.
That leaves the civilian population increasingly vulnerable.
Added to this are the critical situations presented in the report.
For example, the relative lack of progress in establishing the Abyei Police Service, or the absence of engagement between the Abyei Joint Oversight Committee and the Joint Political and Security mechanism.
It is especially concerning that commitments that have been pending for several years now continue to show no tangible progress.
Mr.
president, for Colombia, Unisfa remains an indispensable pillar for the protection of civilians.
Early warning and the facilitation of community dialogue.
However, carrying out these tasks has become increasingly challenging as the escalation of the conflict in Sudan and South Sudan, especially in the border area, together with budget cuts has eroded its operational capacity.
In this context, my country expresses concern over the effects of contingency plans, which may increase risks to personnel security and negatively affect the protection of civilians at a time of growing vulnerabilities on the ground.
Moreover, Colombia hopes that the governments of Sudan and South Sudan will spare no effort in fulfilling their responsibilities and commitments undertaken in the Abyei region.
We recognise the profound and simultaneous challenges that both countries face.
Nevertheless, these challenges must not become obstacles that undermine the stability of the territory or the operational capacity of Unisfa.
On the contrary, the already difficult conditions being faced by the force should be met with greater cooperation facilitation and political will leading to gradual but verifiable progress aimed at preserving the credibility of the political process.
This is essential in order to preserve positive actions, such as the work carried out with local communities and the recognition these communities have given to the force.
Finally, My country reiterates the essential role of unisfa for regional stability.
Therefore, we hope to see concrete progress in the deployment of an adequate police force presence, the withdrawal of unauthorised armed actors from the area, and the guarantee of security for UN personnel.
However, the above must go hand in hand with adequate financing and support from the council.
Only in this way can the parameters established in the mandate become tools for progress, rather than factors that undermine the force's capacity.
Thank you very much, Columbia.
I thank the representative of Columbia.
I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the representative of China.
Colleagues, I thank ASG Martha Pobee and Special Envoy Zhongwang for their briefings.
I welcome the presence of the representatives of the Sudan and South Sudan at this meeting The ongoing conflict in the Sudan and instability in South Sudan are slowing and delaying RBA's political process.
The situation on the ground remains grim on both security and humanitarian fronts, and warrants sufficient attention from the Security Council and the international community at large in connection with the Sg's report.
I wish to highlight four points.
First, any definitive solution to the RBA issue must be a political one.
In spite of their respective challenges, the governments of Sudan and South Sudan have continued to commit themselves to constructive engagement.
Any progress so achieved doesn't come easy.
The international community should respect the sovereignty and ownership of both countries, encourage them to honour their political commitments, to keep up the positive momentum and, when conditions permit and without delay, revive the joint political and security mechanism.
China welcomes Special Envoy Zhong's recent visit to RBA, during which he engaged extensively with various parties.
We support strengthened mediation and coordination efforts of the UN, along with such organisations as the African Union and Egat.
Second, maintaining peace and stability in RBA remains the top priority during the reporting period.
The cross-border flows of armed personnel and illegal arms, and the surge in violent incidents are deeply concerning.
China calls on the parties to uphold and implement the 2011 RBA agreement on temporary arrangements, respect the demilitarized status of RBA, and work together to strengthen the rule of law on the ground.
We welcome the joint efforts of the Ngok, Dinka and Misseriya communities to prevent the proliferation of weapons and support the unified efforts to promote dialogue, resolve differences and enhance mutual trust among the communities through mechanisms such as the Traditional Leaders Conference.
Third, improving the economy and livelihoods in RBA is a vital safeguard.
China welcomes the joint implementation of the RBA joint programme by Unicef and the UN country teams in Sudan and South Sudan, through initiatives such as refugee resettlement, quick impact projects and capacity building.
The programme aims to help the people of Abyei address humanitarian crises, achieve sustainable development and break the cycle of violence.
The international community should support the humanitarian and development agencies that have stayed and are operating in RBA with more resources, with a view to enhanced effectiveness and greater synergy between them and Unscr.
Fourth, ensuring Uniswap's mandate implementation capabilities is an indispensable condition.
China strongly condemns the attack on the UNHCR base in Kadugli and extends deep condolences over the demise of the fallen peacekeepers.
China commends UNHCR for actively performing duties under difficult conditions and making visible contributions to protecting civilians, mitigating conflicts and improving people's livelihoods.
We call on the governments of Sudan and South Sudan to provide maximum support and facilitation for uniswap's deployment, operations, safety and security and logistics logistics colleagues.
Unesco enjoys support from both host governments, popularity among the general public in RBA, and broad recognition by the international community.
As the second largest financial contributor to UN peacekeeping operations and a major troop contributing country to Unisfa.
China supports the continued effective deployment and functioning of Unisfa, and remains committed to working with all parties to contribute constructively to peace, stability and the political process in RBA.
I resume my function as president of the Council.
And I'll give the floor to the representative of Sudan.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
Allow me at the outset to extend to you and to your friendly, friendly country.
My warmest congratulations on your assumption of the presidency of the Council for the current month.
We wish you every success in conducting the Council's work during this critical juncture.
We express our sincere gratitude to the Kingdom of Bahrain for Succeedingly or um, conducting the work of the Security Council with success last month We thank Miss Martha Pobee, Assistant Secretary General, and Mr.
Guangzong, the special envoy for the Horn of Africa, for their briefings on the implementation of Unisfa mandate.
Mr.
president, I would like to focus on the following points.
First, the Sudan extends its deepest condolences and sincere sympathies to the government and people of friendly Bangladesh, as well as to the families of the victims.
Following the killing of six peacekeepers from the Bangladeshi contingent serving in Unisfa in Abyei, while performing their duty to maintain peace and stability last December, we deeply appreciate the noble role played by the Bangladeshi forces in Unisfa to promote stability in Abyei.
The targeting of peacekeepers by the rapid support militias constitutes a war crime that requires accountability.
The Security Council must also hold the United Arab Emirates accountable for supplying the militia with the drone used in this crime, thereby making it making the UAE an accomplice in this war crime.
We call upon the UN Secretariat to conclude its investigations into this incident and publish the findings with utmost transparency.
Second, the Sudan reaffirms its full adherence to the political and legal terms of reference governing the current situation in Abyei.
They constitute the legitimate regulatory framework for the situation in the area.
These include the agreement on Temporary Arrangements for the administration and security of the Abyei area, signed in June 2011.
An agreement with clear terms and provisions that admit no arbitrary or flawed interpretations.
The Sudan maintains its firm stance against the adoption of any measures or actions that would alter the substance of the 2011 agreement.
In this regard, we stress our full readiness to establish the stipulated temporary administrative and security mechanisms, including the formation of the Joint Police, the Joint Administration and the Joint Legislative Council.
We remain hopeful that our brethren in the Republic of South Sudan will likewise adhere to the provisions of the 2011 agreement, thereby serving the shared interests of the local population and fostering sustainable peace in Abyei, pending a consensus on issues relating to a final resolution in Abyei.
Third, we emphasize the need to avoid any unilateral measures that could threaten stability in Abyei or complicate the mandate of Unesco.
We further stress that the area must remain demilitarized, both north and south of the zero line, in compliance with the agreements signed between the two countries.
And we call upon the UN Secretariat and Unisfa to end any unwanted presence in the area, knowing that the Sudan does not have any military presence in the demilitarized area.
Fourth, the recent Security Council resolution on the renewal of Unisfa mandate included a number of benchmarks and indicators to assess its performance and enhance its effectiveness.
This is to ensure that Unisfa can fully implement its mandate and achieve its objectives.
In this regard, the Sudan reaffirms its commitment to continue working and coordinating with the members of the Security Council and the UN Secretariat to meet these benchmarks and fulfill their requirements in close cooperation with South Sudan.
This would ensure that Unisfa continues to perform its duties efficiently and effectively, thereby contributing to security and stability in the region.
In this context, we would.
We wish to inform your Council that the government of the Sudan decided to approve the deployment of the police units authorized by the Security Council.
We will work with the Secretariat to implement this decision in order to maintain security in the region.
We stand ready to engage in meetings of the joint political and security mechanism whenever the other party is prepared to do so.
In conclusion, the Sudan reiterates that a sustainable solution to the Abyei issue can only be achieved through dialogue and genuine cooperation between the two countries, away from any escalation or unilateral measures to safeguard the interests of the people of Abyei and promote lasting peace in the region.
Thank you, Mr.
President.
And I thank the representative of Sudan.
I now give the floor to the representative of South Sudan.
Good morning, and thank you for the opportunity to present here today.
And congratulations for assuming the Security Council presidency for the month of May And I assure you of our delegation, full support and cooperation.
Members of the Council.
I would also like to take this opportunity to appreciate and thank ASG Martha Fobi and Special Envoy of Horn of Africa, Mr.
Guan Kong, for their detailed briefing and also would like to appreciate the Secretary General and this Council for their continued support to the people of Abyei.
We also would like to thank the troop contributing countries and police contributing countries for their continued support in NBA and our condolences to Pakistan for the unfortunate incident of the death of the peacekeepers.
South Sudan remained fully committed to the to the realization of the final status of ABA.
It has been our wish and continue to be our call.
South Sudan reaffirms its commitment to the June 2011 agreement and subsequently the Security Council resolutions that followed.
At the same time implementation must remain informed by realities on the ground and by the shared responsibility to preserve stability and protect civilian lives.
Following serious inter-communal violence reported by the Secretary, by the Secretary General and various other reports that followed, and the death and displacement and displacement that took place in ABA, South Sudan government took the opportunity to deploy troops in the southern border areas of South Sudan to stabilize the situation and prevent further unrest and to save civilian lives.
The today relatively and calm situation and the life saved did not emerge by chance.
It reflects the deliberate efforts and difficult decision taken in the interest of stability.
What remains important is that we do not jeopardize the gains that we have made to create conditions that may risk renewed instability.
Regarding the ABA Police Services, South Sudan underscores the importance of building sustainable and locally anchored institutions capable of supporting long term peace and security.
We encourage enhanced support to a special administrative area and establishing a capable representative and a professional police services that can respond effectively to the needs of the local population.
Mr.
president, on the question of visas and freedom of movement, South Sudan has always reiterated and continue its commitment to the Status of Forces Agreement and categorically reject allegations suggesting non-compliance.
Since 2012, South Sudan has consistently facilitated the works of Unesco personnel in accordance with the agreed arrangements.
Multiple entry visas continue to be issued and the missions Operation movement remain facilitated in line with the agreement.
With the respect to the civilian leadership of Unesco.
South Sudan reiterates its longstanding position supporting the appointment of civilian Deputy Head of mission Such an appointment would bring the mission in line with established peacekeeping practices and further strengthen the political engagement, coordination and the mandate implementation.
On the administrative arrangements South Sudan believed that these updates should remain focused on practical and realistic approaches that reflect the current realities on the ground and support stability rather than creating additional complications.
The Republic of South Sudan and the Republic of Sudan continue to be engaged bilaterally as we undergo our both difficult situations, and we are continuing to keep our bilateral relations as great as they could be.
And with the attention in mind that the stability in both Sudan and South Sudan is for the safety of both of our countries.
Mr.
president, South Sudan reaffirmed its sovereign rights and responsibility, including with respect to administrative facilitation and in line with the existing agreement.
Unesco personnel may continue to enter uh, enter, obtain any entry documentation through either Sudan or South Sudan, and both channels remain functional and available.
The question that I would like all of us in this Council to keep in mind is, where do the people of Abyei work? Where are they living? Who is maintaining them, and how do they continue to survive Surely is not happening through only the peacekeeping mission that is there.
And for us in South Sudan, the people of Libya continue to remain in all of our levels of governance, including, uh, ministers in the cabinet and members of the parliament in the South Sudan government.
Therefore, we have a higher stake for the final status of a BA and for the people of Abyei to experience stability and for them to continue living in peace in their own areas.
The final question of a BA cannot remain unresolved indefinitely.
South Sudan believes that time has come to renew political momentum and sustain international support towards a credible and forward looking process aimed at achieving final settlement.
Sustainable peace will not ultimately deepen, depend on dialogue.
Mutual will definitely depend on mutual dialogue, mutual respect and collective commitment of all stakeholders of stability and coexistence.
South Sudan remains committed to constructive engagement, preserving peace and stability in BA and to continue cooperation with this Council and Unesco.
I thank you for your kind attention.
Well.
I thank the representative of South Sudan.
There are no other names inscribed on the speaker's list.
Uh, now, invite members of the council to informal consultations to continue our discussion on the subject.
The meeting's adjourned.